10 Desember 2009

Latihan Soal kls VII

Choose the correct answer.
1. The old man could not find _____ coins even though it was clearly seen under his seat.
    A. this
    B. that
    C. those
    D. some

2. Everybody is happy. They are having some games in the schoolyard. Unfortunately, there is one _____ in the school medical room because he is sick.
    A. kids
    B. kindergarten
    C. child
    D. children

3. The boss asks all his staffs to come _____ seven tomorrow morning. They will have a meeting.
    A. in
    B. on
    C. at
    D. with

4. Daniel often gets good marks at school. He is a smart student. His parents are very _____ of him.
   A. proud
   B. worried
   C. fabulous
   D. wonderful

5. Maria is a diligent girl. She always _____ her bed after getting up every morning.
   A. make
   B. makes
   C. made
   D. is making


Answer the question.
1. Guess what vegetables they are!
    a. They are white and the vampires hate them. ____________
    b. Their outer leaves are light green but the inside is white. ____________
    c. They are orange and rabbits like to eat them. ____________
    d. They are a source of energy. We make chips from them. ____________
    e. They are yellow and long. We usually eat them as popcorn. ____________

04 Desember 2009

TEXT TYPES

TEXT TYPES
Based on generic structure and language feature dominantly used, texts are divided into several types. They are narrative, recount, descriptive, report, explanation, analytical exposition, hortatory exposition, procedure, discussion, review, anecdote, spoof, and news item. These variations are known as GENRES.

NARRATIVE
Purpose: To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Evaluation
3. Complication
4. Resolution
5. Reorientation
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Chronologically arranged

RECOUNT
Purpose: to retell something that happened in the past and to tell a series of past event
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Event(s)
3. Reorientation
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Using adjectives
Narrative and recount in some ways are similar. Both are telling something in the past so narrative and recount usually apply PAST TENSE; whether Simple Past Tense, Simple Past Continuous Tense, or Past Perfect Tense. The ways narrative and recount told are in chronological order using time or place. Commonly narrative text is found in story book; myth, fable, folklore, etc while recount text is found in biography.
The thing that makes narrative and recount different is the structure in which they are constructed. Narrative uses conflicts among the participants whether natural conflict, social conflict or psychological conflict. In some ways narrative text combines all these conflicts. In the contrary, we do not find these conflicts inside recount text. Recount applies series of event as the basic structure

DESCRIPTIVE
Purpose: To explain the processes involved in the formation or working of natural or socio-cultural phenomena.
Generic Structure:
1. General statement
2. Explanation
3. Closing
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using action verbs
3. Using passive voice
4. Using noun phrase
5. Using adverbial phrase
6. Using technical terms
7. Using general and abstract noun
8. Using conjunction of time and cause-effect.

REPORT
Purpose: to presents information about something, as it is.
Generic Structure
1. General classification
2. Description
Dominant Language Feature
1. Introducing group or general aspect
2. Using conditional logical connection
3. Using Simple Present Tense

EXPLANATION
Purpose: to describe a particular person, place or thing in detail.
Dominant Generic Structure:
1. Identification
2. Description
Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Using adverb
4. Using special technical terms

ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
Purpose: To reveal the readers that something is the important case
Generic Structure:
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Reiteration/Conclusion
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using modals
2. Using action verbs
3. Using thinking verbs
4. Using adverbs
5. Using adjective
6. Using technical terms
7. Using general and abstract noun
8. Using connectives/transition

HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Purpose: to persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be done
Generic Structure:
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Recommendation
Dominant Language features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using modals
3. Using action verbs
4. Using thinking verbs
5. Using adverbs
6. Using adjective
7. Using technical terms
8. Using general and abstract noun
9. Using connectives/transition
Then what is the basic difference between analytical and hortatory exposition. In simple word. Analytical is the answer of "How is/will" while hortatory is the answer of "How should". Analytical exposition will be best to describe "How will student do for his examination? The point is the important thing to do. But for the question" How should student do for his exam?" will be good to be answered with hortatory. It is to convince that the thing should be done

PROCEDURE
Purpose: to help readers how to do or make something completely
Generic Structure:
1. Goal/Aim
2. Materials/Equipments
3. Steps/Methods
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using Imperatives sentence
3. Using adverb
4. Using technical terms

DISCUSSION
Purpose: to present information and opinions about issues in more one side of an issue (‘For/Pros’ and ‘Against/Cons’)
Generic Structure:
1. Issue
2. Arguments for and against
3. Conclusion
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Use of relating verb/to be
3. Using thinking verb
4. Using general and abstract noun
5. Using conjunction/transition
6. Using modality
7. Using adverb of manner

REVIEW
Purpose: to critique or evaluate an art work or event for a public audience
dominant Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Evaluation
3. Interpretative Recount
4. Evaluation
5. Evaluative Summation
Dominant Language features:
1. Focus on specific participants
2. Using adjectives
3. Using long and complex clauses
4. Using metaphor

ANECDOTE
Purpose: to share with others an account of an unusual or amusing incident
Generic Structure:
1. Abstract
2. Orientation
3. Crisis
4. Reaction
5. Coda.
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using exclamations, rhetorical question or intensifiers
2. Using material process
3. Using temporal conjunctions

SPOOF
Purpose: to tell an event with a humorous twist and entertain the readers
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Event(s)
3. Twist
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Using adverb
4. Chronologically arranged

NEWS ITEM
Purpose: to inform readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important
Dominant Generic Structure:
1. Newsworthy event(s)
2. Background event(s)
3. Sources
Dominant Language Features:
1. Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline
2. Using action verbs
3. Using saying verbs
4. Using adverbs : time, place and manner.
Posted in Abstract on Text Types by Admin | 0 comments
Dec19
Understanding Types of Text
Text can be classified into several types. The term of 'type' is sometime stated as 'genre'. These types of text are Narrative, Report, Analytical Exposition, Procedure, Recount, Spoof, Anecdote, Discussion, Description, Explanation, Review, Hortatory, News Item, etc.
These classification on type of text are based on analysis of three main elements of text. These elements of text are:
The purpose of the text; why is the text made?, what is text made for by its writer
The generic structure of the text; analyzing the used structure in composing the text, in what way is the text constructed by its writer.
The language feature; taking a look at the linguistic characterizations of the text, what kind of language feature is used to build the text by its writer.
However, a text is not pure form. It is a mixture of genre. In many examples, report text is sometime mixed with explanation text. Recount text is compromised to report or descriptive type. Texts do not always conform perfectly to the typical classifications. Understanding types of text should be aimed as understanding general guiding principles. Studying types of text should be read as studying genres, and not for a factual direction in writing a text.
Classification Essay - Everything You Need to Know
Classification here is viewed both as a simplification and an organizing tool.

By simplification, you break complex notions into a straightforward and uncomplicated grouping and organizing. This also arranges a wide array of data into a coherent order.

Classification

The process involves grouping members with a common attribute under one category. But it goes beyond this simple common sense approach. A consideration of the impetus behind the endeavor must also be explored. Why do you choose to classify the subjects according to a particular attribute?

A Unifying Standard

As expected, every single object or idea has a multitude of attributes and can be classified in a lot of ways. This can cause unduly confusion to the writer and to the reader as well if the former is unable to come to terms with the whole process.

To solve this inevitable complication, you must have a unifying principle in place (i.e. a thesis statement). This helps ensure that you are geared toward a particular direction and that you don't fall prey to the common mistakes encountered when classifying.

The list includes using too many or too little categories and choosing the wrong set of categories (quantitative and qualitative merits of the categories).

Writing Methodology

Given that you are well equipped in the arena of classification process, we go to the question of writing style. The basic rule is that you must focus on a single specific category in every paragraph. And for each paragraph, you must have a proper labeling (name the category), followed by an indication of the group's common attributes.

You then name the members of the group after which you illustrate specific examples or situations. Aside from labeling the group members' similarities, indicate what separates them from those that constitute the other categories or groups (what makes them unique from others?). You can follow this same pattern for every paragraph.

Simple Tips

Do your homework. Gaining a deep knowledge on your topic will make you better at the classifying process and will help you give it a more insightful discussion. So go on, surf through the Internet and be an expert in your chosen topic.

You can also try making your essay more convincing by setting a defining factor that separates it from other papers written in the same style. The knowledge you got from your research should be helpful. You can also go back to the basics by redefining your writing style. For one, you must follow the basic requirement in formal written communication-keep your sentences short.

It goes without saying that your sentences must be clear and concise; also avoid highfalutin words. There really is no need for flowery words in this type of composition. The best route to take is simplicity.

Another basic in written communications-start with a draft and make the necessary revisions. Writing needs a meticulousness factor and a classification essay is not any different.